Frequencies for the cooler and repumper lasers are given relative to the F = 4 → F ′ = 5 and F = 3 → F ′ = 4 transitions, respectively. (a) Spectroscopic signal V 2 from the Cs 133 repumper laser photodiode as a function of the frequencies of both lasers. The technique will advance portable quantum technologies and facilitate high-precision measurements. Employing the technique for frequency stabilization close to the D 2 line of Rb 85 results in an improvement in frequency stability by a factor typically between 2 and 3 for averaging times of up to 1 s. We present data for Cs 133 and Rb 85 and compare our results to a theoretical model. Exploring the full parameter space associated with dual-frequency spectroscopy reveals a latticelike structure of sharp resonance features, which enhances experimental versatility by allowing laser frequency stabilization within a wide manifold of locations in two-dimensional frequency space. Doppler-free locking features become accessible over a frequency range several hundred megahertz wider than for standard saturated absorption spectroscopy. This method enables compact setups and offers superior spectroscopic performance, leading to sharper spectroscopy peaks, stronger absorption signals, and superior laser stability. We demonstrate simultaneous spectroscopy on two atomic transitions, within a single apparatus, using spatially overlapped beams from two independent lasers. Most atom- and ion-trapping experiments rely on simultaneous spectroscopy of two atomic transitions, employing a separate apparatus for each transition. Vapor-cell spectroscopy is an essential technique in many fields and is particularly relevant for quantum technologies.
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